MySQL

windows下安装MySQL(非安装版)

mysqld --console

排序规则

utf8_unicode_ci比较准确,utf8_general_ci速度比较快

MySQL密码问题

类型选择的条件是: 满足业务场景下, 选择最小的.

数据库本身来讲不该存binary和blob, 如果存了, 读出来, 二进制或字符串方式传给客户端就成

有时候,只是为了自己测试,不想密码设置得那么复杂,譬如只想设置root的密码为123456。 SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('123456'); 但是会报错: mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('123'); ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

【原因】 原来MySQL5.6.6版本之后增加了密码强度验证插件validate_password,相关参数设置的较为严格。 使用了该插件会检查设置的密码是否符合当前设置的强度规则,若不满足则拒绝设置。影响的语句和函数有:create user,grant,set password,password(),old password。

【解决】 1) 查看mysql全局参数配置 该问题其实与mysql的validate_password_policy的值有关。 查看一下msyql密码相关的几个全局参数: mysql> select @@validate_password_policy; +----------------------------+ | @@validate_password_policy | +----------------------------+ | MEDIUM | +----------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+--------+ | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 8 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password_number_count | 1 | | validate_password_policy | MEDIUM | | validate_password_special_char_count | 1 | +--------------------------------------+--------+ 6 rows in set (0.08 sec)

2)参数解释

validate_password_dictionary_file 插件用于验证密码强度的字典文件路径。

validate_password_length 密码最小长度,参数默认为8,它有最小值的限制,最小值为:validate_password_number_count + validate_password_special_char_count + (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)

validate_password_mixed_case_count 密码至少要包含的小写字母个数和大写字母个数。

validate_password_number_count 密码至少要包含的数字个数。

validate_password_policy 密码强度检查等级,0/LOW、1/MEDIUM、2/STRONG。有以下取值: Policy Tests Performed 0 or LOW Length 1 or MEDIUM Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters 2 or STRONG Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file 默认是1,即MEDIUM,所以刚开始设置的密码必须符合长度,且必须含有数字,小写或大写字母,特殊字符。

validate_password_special_char_count 密码至少要包含的特殊字符数。

3)修改mysql参数配置 mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> mysql> mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_number_count=3; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_special_char_count=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_length=3; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+-------+ | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 3 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 0 | | validate_password_number_count | 3 | | validate_password_policy | LOW | | validate_password_special_char_count | 0 | +--------------------------------------+-------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4)修改简单密码: mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('123'); Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server的解决方法

通过命令行进入解压的mysql根目录下。
登陆数据库 
mysql -uroot -p
输入root的密码 
Enter password: ******
更改加密方式(原样拷贝到命令窗中) 
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
更改密码:该例子中 123456为新密码 
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
刷新: 
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

数据库中表里超过一定的量后就要考虑分库分表了

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